Constitutional Justices Enny Nurbaningsih, Daniel Yusmic P. Foekh, and M. Guntur Hamzah opening the petition revision hearing of the judicial review of the Health Law, Tuesday (11/29/2022). Photo by MKRI/Ifa.
Tuesday, November 29, 2022 | 14:43 WIB
JAKARTA (MKRI) — The Constitutional Court (MK) held another judicial review hearing of Law No. 36 of 2009 on Health on Tuesday, November 29, 2022. Advocate Rega Felix challenges against Article 196 of the Health Law in case No. 106/PUU-XX/2022. This petition revision hearing was presided over by Constitutional Justices Enny Nurbaningsih (panel chair), Daniel Yusmic P. Foekh, and M. Guntur Hamzah.
The Petitioner had revised the explanation of the Constitutional Court’s authority by adding the Constitutional Court Regulation (PMK) No. 2 of 2021, clarifying his legal standing, and strengthening the petition’s subject matter in terms of the theoretical framework, whether the death penalty has a moral and constitutional basis, whether pharmaceutical crimes are extraordinary crimes and how the state determines them, whether the Constitutional Court has the authority to determine extraordinary crimes by extending the sentences. The Petitioner also explained that pharmaceutical crimes are extraordinary crimes and asserted that the state has the authority to resolve them by extending the sentences.
“In the moral argument on the death penalty, the Petitioner describes the philosophical basis for its application and the basis for the Constitutional Court Decisions No. 3 and 5/PUU-V/2007 and the Constitutional Court Decision 15/PUU-X/2012, which states that the death penalty has a moral and constitutional basis,” he said virtually.
Also read: Light Punishment for Pharmaceuticals Crime in Health Law Challenged
Kerugian Konstitusional
Constitutional Impairment
Atas perbaikan permohonan ini, Hakim Konstitusi Guntur mempertanyakan kepada Pemohon mengenai kerugian konstitusional yang belum terurai dengan jelas secara spesifik. Menurutnya, Pemohon hanya menyebutkan memiliki hak untuk hidup yang dilindungi UUD 1945. Berikutnya Guntur juga menggarisbawahi naskah perbaikan Pemohon tentang penting untuk mengetahui pendirian Mahkamah tentang criminal policy yang tepat terhadap sanksi pidana yang memiliki rumus. Karena menurut Guntur, hal tersebut merupakan ranah dari pembentuk undang-undang saat menormakan pasal tentang ketentuan sanksi pidana. Untuk itu, Guntur meminta agar Pemohon memperkuat alasan tersebut.
Constitutional Justice M. Guntur Hamzah asked the Petitioner about his constitutional impairment, which had not been elaborated in detail. He argued that the Petitioner had only stated his right to live, which is protected by the 1945 Constitution. He also highlighted the need to understand the Court’s stance on criminal policy, while criminal punishments are under the jurisdiction of the legislatures. As such he requested that the Petitioner strengthen his argument.
“Selain itu perlu juga Pemohon jelaskan apakah punya referensi bagaimana penjatuhan sanksi dengan tindak pidana tentang sediaan farmasi, apakah ada referensi dari negara lain yang menerapkan hukuman sebagaimana dikehendaki Pemohon. Sebab, ini bisa juga terjadi negara lain dan ini perlu juga dielaborasi. Saudara ingin membuat sanksi ini jadi lebih berat dilandaskan atas motif apa? Dalam bacaan saya belum ada motifnya, hanya yang terbaca meminta sanksi yang lebih berat,” jelas Guntur.
“In addition, the Petitioner needs to also mention references from other countries on criminal punishments for crimes relating to pharmaceutical preparations that fit what the Petitioner desires. [Such crimes] could happen in other nations and this needs to be elaborated. What is the reason for the [Petitioner] wanting more severe punishments [for such crimes]. I have not seen this motive,” he said.
Pada sidang terdahulu, Pemohon menyebutkan Pasal 196 UU Kesehatan bertentangan dengan Pasal 28A, Pasal 28G ayat (1), dan Pasal 28I ayat (1) UUD 1945 karena sediaan farmasi yang tersedia di masyarakat ternyata mengakibatkan kematian massal secara meluas sehingga perbuatan mencemari sediaan farmasi demikian sepatutnya dikategorikan sebagai kejahatan. Sebab, kejahatan yang berdampak multidimensional tersebut menyangkut rasa kemanusiaan dan hak asasi manusia yang bersifat non derogable rights sebagaimana termaktub dalam Pasal 28I ayat (1) UUD 1945. Oleh karenanya, Pemohon menilai bahwa UU seharusnya menjadi alat pencegah dari kejadian yang tidak diinginkan dalam masyarakat, namun pasal a quo hanya memberikan sanksi ringan sehingga pelaku kejahatan terhadap sediaan farmasi tidak takut untuk melakukan perbuatannya, padahal dampak atas perbuatannya sangat masif dan menciderai rasa kemanusiaan. Rasa takut luar biasa di masyarakat telah secara aktual terjadi secara luas. Hal ini mempengaruhi Pemohon dan keluarga sebagai bagian dari masyarakat. Rasa takut ini disebabkan obat-obat esensial yang umum beredar di masyarakat ternyata menjadi penyebab kematian anak-anak. Kejadian ini terlihat dari ditariknya obat-obatan berbentuk sirup dari peredaran, padahal obat-obat tersebut esensial bagi anak-anak.(*)
At the preliminary hearing, the Petitioner asserted that Article 196 of the Health Law contradicts Article 28A, Article 28G paragraph (1), and Article 28I paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution because some pharmaceutical preparations available in the community have resulted in numerous deaths, and he stressed that the production of such preparations should be categorized as a crime. The action has had multidimensional impacts involving humanity and non-derogable human rights as set forth in Article 28I paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution.
Therefore, he asserted, the Law should be a means of preventing undesirable events in society, but the a quo article only imposes light punishments so the perpetrators of crimes relating to pharmaceutical preparations are not afraid to commit their actions, even though the impact of their actions is massive and injures humanity. Extraordinary fear has spread in society and affected the Petitioner and his family, given that those common medicines have caused the death of so many children and have now been withdrawn from circulation despite it being essential.
Penullis : Sri Pujianti
Editor: Lulu Anjarsari P.
Humas: Tiara Agustina
Writer : Sri Pujianti
Editor : Lulu Anjarsari P.
PR : Tiara Agustina
Translator : Yuniar Widiastuti (NL)
Translation uploaded on 11/30/2022 11:27 WIB
Disclaimer: The original version of the news is in Indonesian. In case of any differences between the English and the Indonesian versions, the Indonesian version will prevail.
Tuesday, November 29, 2022 | 14:43 WIB 228